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In step No.1 (top), target capture of the mRNA is performed, using magnetic bead (purple).

In step No. 2, the captured gene is amplified using Transcription-Mediated Amplification, a process that generates some 10 billion copies of PCA3 in one hour.

In step No. 3, the Hybridization Protection Assay is performed using DNA probes tagged with a chemiluminescent substance that is activated upon contact with detection reagents. Details of the assay are described in a recent publication10:

Figure 6. Distinguishing features of the PCA3 assay (Gen-Probe, Inc.) are shown in sequence.

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